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Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean In addition to learner-internal influences CLKs' awareness of their own resistance to change and the social ties they were able to draw from were important. The RIs from TS & ZL, for example mentioned their local professor relationship as a key factor in their decision to stay clear of criticising a strict prof (see examples 2). This article examines all local pragmatic research on Korean published until 2020. It focuses on the most important practical issues, including: Discourse Construction Tests (DCTs) The discourse completion test (DCT) is an instrument that is widely used in research that is based on pragmatic principles. It has many advantages, but it also has a few drawbacks. The DCT, for example, cannot account cultural and individual variations. Additionally, 프라그마틱 홈페이지 is susceptible to bias and can lead to overgeneralizations. It is important to carefully analyze the data before it is used in research or assessment. Despite its limitations, the DCT is a useful tool to study the relationship between prosody and information structure in non-native speakers. Its ability in two or more stages to manipulate social variables related to politeness could be a benefit. This feature can be used to study the role of prosody in various cultural contexts. In the field of linguistics, the DCT has emerged as one of the most significant tools to analyze learners' communication behaviors. It can be used to investigate many issues, such as manner of speaking, turn-taking, and the use of lexical terms. It can be used to determine the phonological complexity of learners speaking. A recent study utilized a DCT to evaluate EFL students' ability to resist. Participants were given an array of scenarios and were asked to choose the appropriate response from the options provided. The authors concluded that the DCT was more effective than other refusal measures such as a questionnaire or video recordings. However, the researchers warned that the DCT should be used with caution and should include other types of methods for collecting data. DCTs can be developed using specific requirements for linguistics, such as form and content. These criteria are based on intuition and based on the assumptions of the test developers. They aren't always precise and could misrepresent the way ELF learners actually reject requests in real-world interactions. This issue calls for more research into different methods to assess refusal competence. In a recent study DCT responses to student inquiries via email were compared to the responses of an oral DCT. The results revealed that DCTs favored more direct and conventionally-indirect request forms and used less hints than email data. Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs) This study examined Chinese learners making pragmatic choices when using Korean. It used various experimental tools including Discourse Completion Tasks, metapragmatic questions and Refusal Interviews. The participants were 46 CLKs of upper intermediate level who answered MQs, DCTs, and RIs. They were also asked to provide reflections on their assessments and their refusals to participate in RIs. The results revealed that CLKs are more likely to reject native Korean norms of pragmatism. Their decisions were influenced by four factors such as their personality and multilingual identities, their current life histories and their relationship affordances. These findings have implications for L2 Korean assessment and teaching. First, the MQ data were examined to determine the participants' pragmatic choices. The data was classified according to Ishihara (2010)'s definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, the choices were matched with their linguistic performance in DCTs to determine whether they reflected pragmatic resistance or not. Interviewees also had to explain the reasons for choosing an atypical behavior in certain situations. The results of the MQs, DCTs and z-tests were examined using descriptive statistics and Z tests. It was discovered that the CLKs often resorted to the use of euphemistic phrases such as “sorry” and “thank you.” This is likely due to their lack of familiarity with the target language which led to an insufficient understanding of korea pragmatic norms. The results showed that the CLKs' preferences for either converging to L1 norms or diverging from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms differed based on the DCT situations. For example, in Situation 3 and 12 the CLKs would prefer to diverge from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms, whereas in Situation 14, they favored converging to L1 norms. The RIs showed that CLKs knew about their pragmatic resistance to each DCT situation. RIs were conducted on a one-to-one basis within a period of two days of participants having completed the MQs. The RIs were recorded and transcribing, and then coded by two coders who were independent. Coding was an iterative process, where the coders listened and discussed each transcript. The results of the coding process were contrasted with the original RI transcripts, which gave an indication of how well the RIs accurately portrayed the core behaviors. Interviews for refusal The key problem in the field of pragmatic research is: Why do certain learners refuse to accept native-speaker norms? A recent study sought to answer this question by employing a variety of research tools, such as DCTs MQs, DCTs and RIs. Participants included 44 CLKs and 46 CNSs from five Korean Universities. The participants were asked to complete the DCTs and MQs in their L1 or their L2. They were then invited to an RI where they were required to reflect on and discuss their responses to each DCT scenario. The results showed that, on average, the CLKs resisted native-speaker pragmatic norms in more than 40% of their answers. They did so even though they could create native-like patterns. Furthermore, they were clearly aware of their pragmatic resistance. They attributed their actions to learner-internal factors such as their identities, personalities and identities that are multilingual, as well as ongoing life histories. They also spoke of external factors, such as relationships and advantages. They described, for example, how their relations with their professors enabled them to perform better in terms of the cultural and linguistic norms at their university. However, the interviewees expressed concern about the social pressures and consequences that they might be subject to if they violated their local social norms. They were concerned that their native interactants might think they are “foreigners” and believe they are incompetent. This was a concern similar to the concerns expressed by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009). These findings suggest that native speakers' pragmatic norms are not the default preference for Korean learners. They could still be useful for official Korean proficiency testing. Future researchers should reassess the usefulness of these tests in various cultural contexts and specific situations. This will allow them to better comprehend how different environments can affect the pragmatic behavior of L2 students in the classroom and beyond. This will also help educators create better methods for teaching and testing Korean pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi is principal advisor at Stratways Group, a geopolitical risk consultancy based in Seoul. Case Studies The case study method is a method that employs deep, participatory investigations to study a specific subject. It is a method that utilizes multiple data sources to back up the findings, such as interviews, observations, documents, and artifacts. This kind of investigation can be used to study specific or complicated issues that are difficult to other methods of measuring. In a case study, the first step is to clearly define the subject as well as the objectives of the study. This will help you determine what aspects of the subject must be investigated and which ones can be skipped. It is also helpful to review the existing research to gain a broad understanding of the subject and put the issue in a larger theoretical context. This study was conducted on an open source platform such as the KMMLU leaderboard [50] and its Korean-specific benchmarks, HyperCLOVA X and LDCC-Solar (figure 1 below). The results of the experiment showed that L2 Korean students were particularly vulnerable to native models. They were more likely to choose incorrect answer options that were literal interpretations of the prompts, which were not based on accurate pragmatic inference. They also had an inclination to add their own text, or “garbage,” to their responses, further detracting from their quality of response. The participants of this study were L2 Korean students who had attained level four on the Test of Proficiency in Korean TOPIK in their third or second year at university and hoped to reach level six by their next attempt. They were asked questions about their WTC/SPCC, pragmatic awareness and understanding knowledge of the world. Interviewees were presented with two hypothetical situations which involved interactions with their interlocutors and asked to select one of the strategies below to employ when making an offer. The interviewees were asked to justify their decision. The majority of participants attributed their pragmatism to their personalities. TS for instance, claimed that she was difficult to talk to and was hesitant to inquire about her interlocutor's well-being when they had a heavy work load, even though she believed native Koreans would.